Diabetes aids, articles, financial matters etc: Diabetes Education in Middle-age Schools

Diabetes aids, articles, financial matters etc: Diabetes Education in Middle-age Schools: "New! Diachieve Brand Diabetic Supplies & Health Products EasyHits4U.com - Your Free Traffic Exchange - 1:1 Exchange Ratio, 5-Tier R..."

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Diabetes Education in Middle-age Schools

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Diabetes Education is a recent phenomenon which is an ingredient for Diabetes prevention strategies. The relevance of Diabetes Education cannot be by any means overemphasized. It is relevant to health care professionals, persons living with diabetes, relations of persons with diabetes and those at risk of developing diabetes.
Majority of the damages posed by diabetes is fueled by ignorance which can be effectively cured with education. Schools are environment for learning both moral and academic. It is the environment where peers are much influenced. This is the breeding ground for poor hygiene and eating habits and lifestyle that are on a long run injurious to the body wellbeing. This is the avenue where most smokers where given birth to!
Introducing diabetes education to school curricula is indeed a necessity to help address some of these ills at infancy. Diabetes Education does not involve diabetes matters alone but useful information on how best to enjoy a healthy life style.
Seasoned expert trainers should be sponsored to carry out trainers training to enable reach out to majority of persons living with diabetes presently and to help fight the damage ignorance is posing to those already with diabetes and those at risk of diabetes.
Diabetes education in middle age schools will automatically assist the school in meal planning; there will be appropriate regulation of beverage and fast foods vendors in around school environment and general consciousness on healthy living techniques.
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DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION THE RELATIONSHIP

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Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease which has been with man for a long time. Most people in the medical palance view hypertension as a twin of diabetes. Hypertension is twice as common in diabetes as in the general population and affects some 10 – 30% of type 1 and 30 – 50% of type 2 diabetic patients. It is also present in about 20 – 40% of people with impaired glucose tolerance.
The World Health organization(WHO) and International Society for Hypertension (ISH) considers lower target range in people with diabetes to be below 130 -140/85mmHg and Lower (<125/80mmHg) in people with nephropathy. There are several ways which insulin resistance or hyperinsulinaemia which is mainly found in type 2 diabetes could lead to hypertension. - Blunting of the vasodilator effect of insulin an action mediated by the release of nitric oxide from endothelium. - Insulin can act in other ways to raise blood pressure and this can be supported by hyperinsulinaemia that accompanies insulin resistance. Insulin stimulates sodium and water absorption at the distal renal tubule, insulin also stimulates the cell membranes Na+ K+ ATPase, which can raise intracellular Na+ and Ca+ in vascular smooth muscles and therefore enhance contractility and peripheral resistance. Several components of the augmented cytokine induced, acute phase inflammatory response associated with type 2 diabetes may cause hypertension including cytokine stimulation of ACTH and glucocorticoid secretion and activation of the sympathetic nervous system. In type 1 diabetes, hypertension is obviously associated with diabetic nephropathy. Blood pressure begins to rise when albumin excretion rate enters the microalbuminuric range (>30mg/24hrs).
Control of hypertension in diabetes is important because hypertension worsens both macrovascular and microvascular complications. The effect of blood pressure on the risk of fatal coronary heart disease is 2 – 5 times greater in diabetic than in non-diabetics.

GASTROPARESIS AND DIABETES

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Gastroparesis is a stomach disorder that results due to a complication of Diabetes called neuropathy. When there is nerve damage, sensation to the stomach muscles reduce and these cause the stomach to empty too slowly.
Gastroparesis could occur in people without diabetes but it is a common occurrence in persons living with diabetes especially type 2 diabetes. People with type 1 diabetes do not develop gastroparesis until they have had diabetes for a long time about 20 years. Women appear to be more likely to get gastroparesis than men.
The most important factor in preventing gastroparesis is good blood glucose control. These are for two major reasons:
- High levels of blood glucose directly slow stomach emptying.
- Good diabetes control slows or prevent the development of complications, including nerve disease called neuropathy.
Symptoms of Gastroparesis
The most common symptoms includes:
- Nausea
- Abdominal pain
- Periods of lows within 1 to 2 hours of eating . others include:
- Feeling full after eating
- Bloating
- Vomiting
- Getting full quickly
- Belching after eating
- Pain in the general area of the stomach
- Upset stomach
- Gastroesophageal reflux.
Diagnosis
In addition to history and physical examination, the doctor can request the following diagnostic tests:
1. Scintigraphy
2. Radioisotope breath test
3. Electrogastrography
4. Manometry
5. Endoscopy
Treatment
The overall treatment goal is aimed at improving blood glucose control, normalizing stomach emptying so that drugs and food absorb properly, and relieving symptoms.
The following multilevel approach is involved:
1. Diabetes Control
Controlling the blood glucose is the foremost treatment measure.
2. Diet
It is important to understand that several small meals are easier for the stomach to process than few large ones. The diet should be low in fat because fat slows stomach emptying. Vegetable consumption in our meals should be encouraged.
3. Exercise
Moderate exercise after eating, studies shows can improve stomach emptying.
4. Review of drugs
The doctor might review a persons drug to remove or change those with side effects of slow stomach emptying also there is the need to cut out alcohol and tobacco.
5. Drug treatment
The doctor may prescribe some range of drugs example
- Prokinetic drugs: to increase stomach activity.
- Antiemetic drugs: to prevent vomiting.
One such drug which has both of these property approved by FDA is metoclopramide.
Other treatment options includes:


1. Surgery
2. Electrical stimulation
3. Electrical pacing.

Diabetes mellitus and Depression

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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder resulting in characteristic rise in plasma blood glucose. There is also a cascade of hormonal disturbance as the body try to compensate for this disorder.
The first time a person is diagnosed with diabetes, there seems to be a weight of emotions tied to that person. There is confusion as to what to eat, how to leave and loads of many questions like ‘why me’, ‘what will people say’ amongst others.
The initial reaction or response to this early stage goes a long way to tell how someone copes with diabetes later in life. The early stage of diagnosis if not properly managed by the doctor and relations, then depression automatically finds a root.
Depression could result if one no longer take interest or pleasure in things you used to enjoy doing, you have trouble falling asleep, wake often during the night, or want to sleep a lot more than usual, you wake up earlier than usual and cannot get back to sleep, you eat more or less than you used to, you quickly gain or lose weight. Feeling down once in awhile is normal. But feeling really sad and hopeless for 2 weeks or more might be a sign of serious depression.
Research has shown that depression mostly arises in persons diagnosed with diabetes following periods of denial, anger and frustration.
Diabetes clinics cannot do without the services of Diabetes Educators who are crucial in handling the initial stage of diagnosis and the period of living with the condition.
It is important to make the patient realize that diabetes is not a death sentence, people can have a full and normal life even with diabetes. Relations of people with diabetes must be made to know their responsibilities of care and support. Diabetes must be handled as a team, where the person with the condition is the team leader who takes decision in other for the goal to be attained.
Relations must be on the watch for signs of depression and inform the physician or any member of the diabetes care team promptly.
The following are useful tips on detecting depression:
• You have trouble concentrating, other thoughts or feelings distract you, you have no energy, you feel tired all the time, you are so anxious or nervous, you can’t sit still, you cry often, you feel you never do anything right and are a burden to others, you are less interested in sex, you sad or worse in the morning than you do the rest of the day, you feel you want to die or are thinking of ways to hurt yourself etc.
If someone Notice these sign in oneself or a relation or loved one call for urgent attention.
Some researchers are looking at the bidirectional tendency of depression and diabetes. Some school of taught suggest that people with depression if unattended to could develop type 2 diabetes but the mechanism is still hypothetical but one could infer that insulin resistance might be responsible.
Living with diabetes is not easy, considering the daily challenge of what to eat, what the blood glucose level is and the cost of medications.
Diabetes therefore should be seen as a journey not a destination, hence persons with diabetes requires a lot of support, encouragement and goodwill to make the journey without wearing the clothes of depression.

LIVING WITH DIABETES IN RURAL AREA- SUBSAHARAN AFRICA PERSPECTIVE.

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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder in which the individual lacks the ability to control normal metabolism of carbohydrates, protein and fats, due to absence or partial activity of Insulin.
Over the years, many theories and practices have emanated towards alleviating this condition. Ranging from orthodox medical approach to trado-medical practices. It is even worthy of note that some traditional healers or herbal doctors make bold to say they have gotten cure. I however, have not seen anybody who is totally cured, hence in my practice as a diabetes Educator, I constantly remind my patients that there is no cure yet but it can be managed. With all these chaos of medical practice, the person who suffers most are those living with the condition, especially those in rural area.
The information and practice of medical practitioners in rural area is in most cases at parallel to what is obtainable in cities. For instance in rural area of sub-Saharan Africa, many patients are being told not to eat anything containing carbohydrate but to concentrate on proteins in form of beans. I have met people who thrive on beans three times daily for nearly 5 to 10 years for the period of their encounter with diabetes. This makes life unpalatable, uninteresting and not fun.
Persons living with diabetes should be encouraged to balance their meals around the food classes of carbohydrate, protein, vitamins, fibres and roughages inform of vegetables, unsaturated fats and fruits. These food items are commonly available in our environment, the challenge is patronage. Like the saying by Dr Joslin in 1934 “Diabetics who knows the most, live longer and healthier”.
The importance of diabetes education both to patients living in rural area and cities cannot be overemphasized. Our traditional methods of information dissemination like ‘town criers’, market places, churches, mosques, community meetings should be exploited even drama in local languages needs to be encouraged as a means of improving and empowering those living with diabetes.

World Diabetes Day 2010 Celebration

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Finally, World Diabetes Day celebration for the year 2010 has come.It was a great day for us here in Jos, North Central Nigeria. Many stake holders who were involved in the celebration. There was participation by pharmaceutical companies like Taylek drugs company ltd, Pharmacy Plus ltd, Fixcon Networks Ltd to mention but a few. Highlights of the occasion was the presentation of a drama by lenscope media on the need for diabetes Education and poem recitation by the youngest people living with diabetes on the plateau. The youngest is mr Phinas who is 3 years old. The government of plateau state was appropriately involved and media houses where not left out, FRCN, NTA where adequately represented. Coupled with all these celebration Aung Sang suu kyi was released in far away Burma. It was indeed a happy day for me because diabetes is finally having a voice in Nigeria.